CORE ARTEFACT OF THE LIANG UTTANGNGE I: THE EVIDENCE OF THE PRESENCE OF LATE PLEISTOCENE CULTURE IN THE HIGHLAND KARST REGION OF SULAWESI ARTEFAK INTI SITUS LIANG UTTANGNGE I: BUKTI KEHADIRAN BUDAYA PLEISTOSEN AKHIR DI DATARAN TINGGI KAWASAN KARST SULAWESI
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Abstract
This research examine core artefact from Liang Uttangnge 1 Site in Mallawa, Maros. Core Artefacts that found in this site are presenting the new data for prehistory sites in the karst highland of South Sulawesi. The archaeological excavation is the method to collect the data and where the data then examine for its raw materials, technology, and core artefacts identification. The result of this identification explain that there are some tipology of core artefacts in Liang Uttangnge 1 Site, that is choping tools, polyhedral, and hand axe. The artefacts are dominated by limestone which come from pabble-cobbles sized materials from around area site. Core artefacts are monofacial and bifacial that made by radial core reduction technic. This finding explains the presence of older life in the highland karst area in Sulawesi which is thought to have originated from the last pleistocene. This data support the idea that during the late pleistocene the Liang Uttangnge 1 was inhabited by two different groups, that is core artefact creator group, and the rock art creator group
Penelitian ini mengkaji artefak inti yang berasal dari Situs Liang Uttangnge 1 di Mallawa, Maros. Keberadaan artefak inti di situs ini merupakan data terbaru untuk situs-situs prasejarah di kawasan karst dataran tinggi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini, yaitu ekskavasi arkeologi kemudian dikembangkan dengan metode identifikasi bahan, teknologi, dan tipologi artefak inti. Hasil identifikasi tersebut menjelaskan jika terdapat beberapa tipe artefak inti di Situs Liang Uttangnge, diantaranya kapak penetak, polihedral, dan kapak genggam. Artefak tersebut didominasi dari bahan gamping yang berasal dari bahan ukuran kerakal dan brangkal yang berasal dari sekitar situs. Teknik pengerjaan dengan cara monofasial dan bifasial yang sebagian dipangkas dengan cara radial core. Penemuan ini menjelaskan kehadiran kehidupan yang lebih tua di daerah karst dataran tinggi di Sulawesi yang diperkirakan berasal dari kala Pleistosen akhir. Hal ini juga mendukung pendapat jika kala Pleistosen akhir di situs Liang Uttangnge telah dihuni oleh dua kelompok yang berbeda, yaitu pembuat artefak inti dan kelompok pembuat gambar.
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